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Byrnes served as a US Senator from 1931-1942. From 1941 to 1942, Byrnes was an associate justice on the US Supreme Court and from 1942 to 1943, he was the Director of Economic Stabilization. Byrnes then served as the Director of the Office of War Mobilization from 1943 to 1945. As Secretary of State from 1945-1947 and Truman's closest foreign policy advisor in 1945, Byrnes exerted political influence on the decision to use atomic bombs on Japanese cities. This item is a signed typed letter, on his letterhead, dated December 15, 1959.